Thursday, April 21, 2011

Radical Orthodoxy:Metaphyiscal Speculation and the Existential Reality of Easter


Radical Orthodoxy is probably the most compelling movement within current theology.  It takes seriously the great Platonic, Aristotelian, Augustine, Thomistic tradition (what some have termed the perennial philosophy) and is serious about engaging current philosophy, sociology, and cultural theory.  However, RO seems to me to fall short of my existential need for a concrete savior.  Its Platonic impulses tend to prioritize the metaphysical over the pastoral and existential. 

When RO Theologians speak about the suffering and death of Christ John Milbank, for example, speaks of the act as poiesis in the Aristotelian sense.  That is an act which is not an end to itself, but has its aim in something beyond itselfs (eg shipbuilding has its aim in a seaworthy vessel).  For Milbank the aim of Christ's death is only realized within the church, through our forgiving of others.  The unfortunate impact Milbank's understanding of the death of Christ on ecclesiology is that the Christ is absorbed in the Church.

Graham Ward approaches the death of Christ through sacramental theology and postmodern philosophy. According to Ward, a careful reading of the gospels reveals a portrait of Jesus' body as a constant movement of semiotic displacement. Ward marks five distinct moments of displacement in the narratives: incarnation/circumcision, transfiguration, Eucharist, crucifixion and resurrection/ascension. Jesus corporeality is indistinguishable from the migration of its semiotic identifications. Jesus, a circumcised Jew becomes Jesus transfigured as the translucent image of God, who becomes transformed into and handed over as bread, who deteriorates and becomes lifeless and alive in/with us as the body of the church. There is no one body of Christ immutably referenced, testified to and carried by the church community. Ward writes

"This is my body. Take, eat. This is my blood. Drink.' The body is always in transit; it is always being transferred. It is never there as a commodity I can lay claim to or possess as mine. This is the ontological scandal announced by the Eucharistic phrase - bodies are never simply there (or here)."

In either case Jesus Christ, the person, becomes diffuse either in the through giving his body to the world (Ward) or within the Church and it's action of forgiveness. This is insightful and interesting stuff, but it leaves one a little cold during holy week.  More importantly it fails to answer our deepest questions. 

Those of us who have experienced loss and tragedy look to the cross not in metaphysical reflection, but in anguished existential cries.  We need a savior with a body like ours, who understands real suffering, and whose death accomplished something in itself (in Aristotelian terms praxis). Though RO has much to commend it, for Easter I will stand with evangelicalism and its understanding of a historical, human/divine Jesus, who felt physical pain, whose actual and identifiable body was broken for our sins, and whose actual and non-diffuse blood was shed for our sins. 
 

Thursday, April 14, 2011

Never Gonna Give You Up: Value in the age of Memes


When I think of great legislators, I think of Pericles, Seneca, Stephen Douglas, and Lyndon Johnson.  Now I can add to  my mental list, Jefferson Smith, a freshmen congressman from Oregon.  He used all of his political capital to mastermind the rick-rolling of the Oregon House of Representatives.

For the uninitiated rick-rolling is the practice of sending someone a link that purports to be about something of interest but takes them to this video of the 1987 Rick Astley hit "Never Gonna Give You Up." You can learn more about the tradition and history of rick rolling here.

This is all hilarious stuff, but it brings up a couple of questions.  In an age of insoluble debt, budget crises on state and local levels, and partisanship so deep that many state governments are grinding to a halt, Why can legislators be bi-partisan when it comes to internet memes and not on substantial issues.

The voting public watches the video of the Oregon House and thinks this is funny, and they are working together for once.  However, in the last series of elections the voting public has punished those most willing to work together to accomplish something of real import, moderates (see here).  No wonder the House of Representatives was unable to agree on a budget proposal until the eleventh hour.

The fact that this video went viral tells us something about our political selves.  I think it tells us that we have mis-ordered values, and a misunderstanding concerning the way a pluralistic democracy functions.

We value political theater, particularly humorous political theater over actual political engagement.  We look to politics not as a means of ordering society and bringing about change but as another form of entertainment to be engaged in with the same seriousness as an episode of American Idol (well maybe not that seriously).

Coupled with our love of political theater is our belief that democracy can exist without compromise.  We claim that we want bi-partisan decision making, and yet we punish lawmakers who compromise.

We are truly a culture filled with paradox.